{"id":73,"date":"2023-05-23T12:28:26","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T04:28:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73"},"modified":"2023-06-05T10:20:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T02:20:24","slug":"tcp-ip-%e5%9b%9b%e5%b1%82%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73","title":{"rendered":"TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#1_%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AFTCPIP%EF%BC%9F\" >1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fTCP\/IP\uff1f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#2_TCPIP_%E5%9B%9B%E5%B1%82%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B\" >2. TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#21_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82\" >2.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#211_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82%E6%B6%89%E5%8F%8A%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\" >2.1.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u6d89\u53ca\u534f\u8bae<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#212_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B\" >2.1.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#22_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B1%82\" >2.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#221_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B1%82%E6%B6%89%E5%8F%8A%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\" >2.2.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6d89\u53ca\u534f\u8bae<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#2211_ARP\" >2.2.1.1 ARP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#2212_ICMP\" >2.2.1.2 ICMP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#2213_IP\" >2.2.1.3 IP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#23_%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E5%B1%82\" >2.3 \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#231_TCP\" >2.3.1 TCP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#232_UDP\" >2.3.2 UDP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#233_TCP_%E5%92%8C_UDP_%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB\" >2.3.3 TCP \u548c UDP \u533a\u522b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#24_%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%B1%82\" >2.4 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#241_HTTPHTTPS\" >2.4.1 HTTP\/HTTPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#242_FTP\" >2.4.2 FTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#243_SMTP\" >2.4.3 SMTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#244_WSWSS\" >2.4.4 WS\/WSS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#245_SNMP\" >2.4.5 SNMP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#246_DNS\" >2.4.6 DNS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#247_DHCP\" >2.4.7 DHCP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/?p=73\/#3_%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93\" >3. \u603b\u7ed3<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AFTCPIP%EF%BC%9F\"><\/span>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fTCP\/IP\uff1f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eceTCP\/IP\u770b\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TCP\uff1a\uff08Transmission Control Protocol\uff09\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IP\uff1a\uff08Internet Protocol\uff09\uff0c\u7f51\u9645\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\/IP\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c07\u3002TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6307\u7684\u662fTCP\u548cIP\u4e24\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u5341\u4e2aInternet\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684TCP\u548cIP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u5c5e\u4e8eOSI\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bfb\u5740\u3001\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u8def\u7531\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff1bTCP\u5c5e\u4e8eOSI\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\/IP\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662fTCP\/IP\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662fTCP\u548cIP\uff0cTCP\/IP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_TCPIP_%E5%9B%9B%E5%B1%82%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B\"><\/span>2. TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\/IP \u5305\u542b\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TCP-IP\u5185\u5bb91.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 756px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 756\/412;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82\"><\/span>2.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u662fTCP\/IP\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u662fOSI\u53c2\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u548c\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7535\u7f06\u3001\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5361\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u8fd8\u8d1f\u8d23\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u4f20\u8f93\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5c06IP\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5e27\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06IP\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c421.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 866px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 866\/231;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"211_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82%E6%B6%89%E5%8F%8A%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\"><\/span>2.1.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u6d89\u53ca\u534f\u8bae<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>802.3\uff08\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff09\uff1a\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u6280\u672f\uff0cIEEE\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684IEEE 802.3\u6807\u51c6\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u4ecb\u8d28\u8bbf\u95ee\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u5f0f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u662f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u4ece3\u523010Mbps\u4e0d\u7b49\uff1b\u800c\u4ea4\u6362\u5f0f\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u6b63\u5f0f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff0c\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c100\u30011000\u548c10000Mbps\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>802.11\uff08Wi-Fi\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PPP\uff1a\uff08Point to Point Protocol\uff09\uff0c\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u540c\u7b49\u5355\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u94fe\u8def\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u94fe\u8def\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u62e8\u53f7\u6216\u4e13\u7ebf\u65b9\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u7f51\u6865\u548c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7b80\u5355\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u901a\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ee4\u724c\u73af<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FDDI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X.25<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SLIP\uff1a\u4e32\u884c\u94fe\u8defInternet\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684IP\u5e27\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"212_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%B1%82%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B\"><\/span>2.1.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c42\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u5c42\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u5c422.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 708px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 708\/341;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u903b\u8f91\u94fe\u8def\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u7f29\u5199 LLC\uff08Logical Link Control\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cLLC \u5728\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5e2e\u52a9\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MAC \u5c42\u5c06\u6e90 MAC \u5730\u5740\u548c\u76ee\u6807 MAC \u5730\u5740\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u6709\u7ebf\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e27\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u5c06\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u56de\u6570\u636e\u5e27\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6807\u5934\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B1%82\"><\/span>2.2 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u662fTCP\/IP\u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5c42\uff0c\u8be5\u5c42\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u8def\u7531\u3001\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5feb\u901f\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u8fd8\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5bfb\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5373IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ece\u6e90\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u6216\u8005\u652f\u6301\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u627e\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u548c\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u7f51\u7edc\u5c421.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 866px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 866\/162;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"221_%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B1%82%E6%B6%89%E5%8F%8A%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE\"><\/span>2.2.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6d89\u53ca\u534f\u8bae<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ARP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICMP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u662fIP\u534f\u8bae<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2211_ARP\"><\/span>2.2.1.1 ARP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ARP\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u662fAddress Resolution Protocol\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684ARP\u89e3\u6790\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2aARP\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\u662f\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522bMAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219ARP\u5411\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u5177\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9aIP\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5177\u6709IP\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u5176MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728Windows\u6216macOS\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 arp -a \u67e5\u8be2ARP\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2212_ICMP\"><\/span>2.2.1.2 ICMP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ICMP\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u662fInternet Control Message Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u7684\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5c31\u662f ping\uff0cping\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2213_IP\"><\/span>2.2.1.3 IP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\u662fInternet Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\u662f\u7f51\u9645\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IP\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IPv4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IPv6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IPv4 \u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709 32 \u4f4d\u7528\u4e8e\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u6709 43 \u4ebf\uff08\u7ea6 4.3\u00d710 9\uff09\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728 2019 \u5e74 11 \u6708 25 \u65e5\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6b27\u6d32\u533a\u57df\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6ce8\u518c\u673a\u6784 RIPE \u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0cIPv4 \u5730\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u5168\u90e8\u5206\u914d\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IPv6 \u76ee\u524d\u6e10\u6e10\u6d41\u884c\u8d77\u6765\uff0c1995 \u5e74 12 \u6708\uff0cIETF \u53d1\u5e03\u4e86 RFC 1883\uff0c\u5373 IPv6 \u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u5171\u6709 128 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u76ee\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u592a\u5e9e\u5927\u4e86\uff0c2^128 \u4e2a\uff0cIPv4 \u662f 2^32 \u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_%E4%BC%A0%E8%BE%93%E5%B1%82\"><\/span>2.3 \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TCP<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"231_TCP\"><\/span>2.3.1 TCP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aTransmission Control Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 IP \u4e4b\u4e0a\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\uff0cTCP \u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\uff0c\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u5e27\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u6d88\u606f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\uff0cTCP \u6536\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u6bb5\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u6709\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"534\" height=\"320\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709 SYN \u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08syn=J\uff09\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165 SYN_SENT \u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230 SYN \u5305\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 SYN\uff08\u8d4b\u503cack=J+1\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a SYN \u5305\uff08syn=K\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u5165 SYN_RCVD \u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 SYN+ACK \u5305\uff0c\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u786e\u8ba4\u5305\uff0c\u5373ack=K+1\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e24\u8fb9\u90fd\u8fdb\u5165 ESTABLISHED\uff08\u542b\u4e49\uff1aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\uff09 \u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"232_UDP\"><\/span>2.3.2 UDP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UDP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aUser Datagram Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UDP \u6ca1\u6709\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6e90 UDP \u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684 IP\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u521b\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\uff0c\u76ee\u7684 UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0cUDP \u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/UDP.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"463\" height=\"158\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 463px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 463\/158;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"233_TCP_%E5%92%8C_UDP_%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB\"><\/span>2.3.3 TCP \u548c UDP \u533a\u522b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>TCP \u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\uff0cUDP \u9762\u5411\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UDP \u6bd4 TCP \u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a UDP \u4e0d\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TCP \u6bd4 UDP \u66f4\u53ef\u9760\uff0cTCP \u63d0\u4f9b\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4f20\u9001\u5230\u901a\u4fe1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TCP \u6bd4 UDP \u7a0d\u5fae\u5b89\u5168\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u4f1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u96be\u63d2\u5165\u6076\u610f\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"24_%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%B1%82\"><\/span>2.4 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/\u5e94\u7528\u5c42.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"585\" height=\"101\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 585px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 585\/101;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u662f TCP\/IP \u56db\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5c42\uff0cTCP\/IP \u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5bf9\u5e94 OSI \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42\u3001\u8868\u793a\u5c42\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0c\u5373\u5e94\u7528\u5c42 = \u4f1a\u8bdd\u5c42 + \u8868\u793a\u5c42 + \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HTTP\/HTTPS\uff1a\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FTP\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SMTP\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>WS\/WSS\uff1aWebsocket<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SNMP\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNS\uff1a\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DHCP\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"241_HTTPHTTPS\"><\/span>2.4.1 HTTP\/HTTPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HTTP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aHypertext Transfer Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<br>HTTPS \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aHyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<br>HTTP \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u901a\u4fe1\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 80\u3002<br>HTTPS \u662f HTTP \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7248\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 SSL \u52a0\u5bc6\u6574\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 443\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"242_FTP\"><\/span>2.4.2 FTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FTP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aFile Transfer Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cFTP \u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u672c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br>\u63a7\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3 21<br>\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"243_SMTP\"><\/span>2.4.3 SMTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMTP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aSimple Mail Transfer Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ece\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c06\u90ae\u4ef6\u6d88\u606f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"244_WSWSS\"><\/span>2.4.4 WS\/WSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WS \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aWebSocket<br>WSS \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aWebSocket Security<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WS\/WSS \u548c HTTP\/HTTPS \u5f88\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f WS \u548c HTTP \u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u3002<br>WebSocket \u7528\u4e8e Web \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u6301\u4e45\u3001\u53cc\u5411\u3001\u5168\u53cc\u5de5 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002<br>\u4e0e TCP \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f WebSocket \u63e1\u624b\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u901a\u9053\u5c06\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6253\u5f00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f WebSocket \u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<br>WSS \u548c HTTPS \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684 WebSocket \u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"245_SNMP\"><\/span>2.4.5 SNMP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SNMP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aSimple Network Monitoring Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"246_DNS\"><\/span>2.4.6 DNS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DNS \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aDomain Name System\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 IP \u5730\u5740\u76f8\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1\uff0cIP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u592a\u597d\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0cDNS \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b IP \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5bb9\u6613\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"247_DHCP\"><\/span>2.4.7 DHCP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DHCP \u82f1\u6587\u5168\u79f0\uff1aDynamic Host Control Protocol\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6ca1\u6709 DHCP \u524d\uff0cIP \u5730\u5740\u90fd\u662f\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6709 1 \u4e07\u53f0\u300110 \u4e07\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bdd\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u6548\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 DHCP \u5c31\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u75db\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93\"><\/span>3. \u603b\u7ed3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TCP\/IP \u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u534f\u8bae\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u5199\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u534f\u8bae\u53ea\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5f97\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u900f\u5f7b\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u82e5\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/m0_60259116\/article\/details\/126994081<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fTCP\/IP\uff1f \u4eceTCP\/IP\u770b\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a  &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_zb_attr":"","zolo_post_video_link":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-73","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tcp-ip"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=73"}],"version-history":[{"count":48,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73\/revisions\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=73"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=73"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=73"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dataz8.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fseries&post=73"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}